Here's a breakdown:
* Function: Superlatives indicate the highest or lowest degree of a quality.
* Formation: They are usually formed by adding -est to the adjective/adverb (e.g., tallest, fastest) or by using the word most or least before the adjective/adverb (e.g., most beautiful, least interesting).
* Comparison: They compare a noun/pronoun to all other members of its class.
Examples:
* Tallest: "She is the tallest person in her class." (Compares her height to everyone else in her class)
* Most beautiful: "This painting is the most beautiful I have ever seen." (Compares the painting's beauty to all other paintings)
* Least interesting: "That movie was the least interesting I've ever watched." (Compares the movie's interest level to all other movies)
Important notes:
* Irregular forms: Some superlatives have irregular forms (e.g., good - best, bad - worst).
* Context: The meaning of a superlative depends on the context. For example, "the tallest building in the city" is different from "the tallest building in the world."
* Emphasis: Superlatives often emphasize the extreme nature of a quality.
In summary, superlatives are used to describe the highest or lowest degree of a quality, comparing a noun/pronoun to all other members of its class, and emphasizing the extreme nature of the quality.