Demonstrative Adjectives
* Modify nouns: They describe the noun they're attached to.
* Always come before the noun: They act like an adjective, directly preceding the noun.
* Agree with the noun in gender and number: They change their form based on the noun's gender and whether it's singular or plural.
Examples:
* Este libro (This book) - *Este* modifies *libro*
* Esa mesa (That table) - *Esa* modifies *mesa*
* Aquellos estudiantes (Those students) - *Aquellos* modifies *estudiantes*
Demonstrative Pronouns
* Replace nouns: They stand in for nouns, acting as a substitute.
* Can be the subject or object of a sentence: They can function as the thing doing the action (subject) or the thing the action is done to (object).
* Agree in gender and number with the noun they replace: Like adjectives, they adjust based on the noun's gender and number.
Examples:
* Este es mi coche. (This is my car.) - *Este* replaces the noun *coche*
* ¿Quieres comprar esa? (Do you want to buy that?) - *Esa* replaces the noun (perhaps a specific item in a store)
* Aquellos son mis amigos. (Those are my friends.) - *Aquellos* replaces the noun *amigos*
Key Differences:
* Location: Adjectives come *before* the noun; pronouns can come *anywhere* a noun can.
* Function: Adjectives *describe*; pronouns *replace*.
* Agreement: Both must agree with the noun's gender and number.
Helpful Tip: If you can insert a noun after the demonstrative word, it's an adjective. If you can't, it's a pronoun.
Let me know if you'd like more examples or have any other questions!