1. Coordinating Conjunctions:
* These connect words, phrases, or clauses of equal grammatical rank.
* They are also called "FANBOYS" for their first letters: For, And, Nor, But, Or, Yet, So.
Examples:
* I like to swim and play tennis. (Connecting verbs)
* She is a doctor but not a surgeon. (Connecting adjectives)
* I went to the store so I could buy groceries. (Connecting independent clauses)
2. Subordinating Conjunctions:
* These connect a dependent clause (which cannot stand alone) to an independent clause (which can stand alone).
* They show the relationship between the clauses, such as time, cause, contrast, or condition.
* Common subordinating conjunctions include: after, although, as, as if, because, before, if, since, though, unless, until, when, whenever, where, wherever, while.
Examples:
* Although it was raining, we went for a walk.
* I will go to the party if you go.
* Because I was hungry, I ate a sandwich.
3. Correlative Conjunctions:
* These come in pairs and connect words, phrases, or clauses that are grammatically parallel.
* Common correlative conjunctions include: both...and, either...or, neither...nor, not only...but also, whether...or.
Examples:
* Both my sister and I went to the concert.
* You can choose either pizza or pasta.
* Neither the dog nor the cat wanted to go outside.
4. Conjunctive Adverbs:
* These are adverbs that act as conjunctions, connecting independent clauses.
* They often show a more complex relationship between clauses than coordinating conjunctions.
* Common conjunctive adverbs include: accordingly, also, besides, consequently, furthermore, however, indeed, instead, moreover, nevertheless, otherwise, therefore, thus.
Examples:
* I went to the store; however, it was closed.
* I studied hard; therefore, I passed the test.
Note: It's important to understand that while conjunctions connect different parts of a sentence, they are not always used to create compound sentences. Sometimes, conjunctions are used in simple sentences to connect words or phrases.