By Function:
* Declarative: Makes a statement. *The cat sat on the mat.*
* Interrogative: Asks a question. *Did the cat sit on the mat?*
* Imperative: Gives a command or makes a request. *Sit on the mat, cat.*
* Exclamatory: Expresses strong emotion. *Wow, that cat is fluffy!*
By Structure:
* Simple: Contains one independent clause. *The cat sat on the mat.*
* Compound: Contains two or more independent clauses joined by a coordinating conjunction (for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so). *The cat sat on the mat, and the dog barked at him.*
* Complex: Contains one independent clause and one or more dependent clauses. *The cat sat on the mat because he was tired.*
* Compound-Complex: Contains two or more independent clauses and at least one dependent clause. *The cat sat on the mat, and the dog barked at him because he was jealous.*
By Purpose:
* Informative: Provides information. *The Earth is a planet.*
* Persuasive: Attempts to convince the reader to agree with a viewpoint. *You should recycle because it helps the environment.*
* Narrative: Tells a story. *Once upon a time, there was a little girl who lived in a forest...*
* Descriptive: Creates a vivid picture in the reader's mind. *The sunset was a blaze of orange and pink.*
Other Considerations:
* Active Voice: The subject of the sentence performs the action. *The cat sat on the mat.*
* Passive Voice: The subject of the sentence is acted upon. *The mat was sat on by the cat.*
* Direct Object: Receives the action of the verb. *The cat sat on the mat.*
* Indirect Object: Receives the direct object. *He gave the cat a toy.*
This is not an exhaustive list, but it should give you a good understanding of the different types of sentences. Keep in mind that these categories often overlap, and there are many nuances and exceptions within each category.