1. A preposition: This is the word that introduces the phrase and shows the relationship between the phrase and the rest of the sentence. Some common prepositions include: on, in, at, to, from, with, by, for, of, about, etc.
2. An object of the preposition: This is the noun or pronoun that follows the preposition and completes the meaning of the phrase.
Here's an example:
* "The cat sat on the mat."
In this example:
* "on" is the preposition.
* "the mat" is the object of the preposition.
Together, they form the prepositional phrase "on the mat", which tells us where the cat sat.