Here's how it works:
1. Connecting Independent Clauses:
* The most common use: A semicolon joins two independent clauses (complete sentences) that are closely related in meaning.
* Example: "The sun was setting; the sky was ablaze with color."
2. Adding Clarity and Flow:
* When commas get confusing: When a sentence already has commas within it, a semicolon can help separate the ideas more clearly.
* Example: "We visited Paris, France; Rome, Italy; and London, England."
3. Emphasizing a Relationship:
* Highlighting the connection: Semicolons can emphasize the close connection between the two ideas, creating a stronger impact than a simple comma.
* Example: "She loved to travel; she had seen more of the world than anyone she knew."
4. With Conjunctive Adverbs:
* Adding a smooth transition: A semicolon can be used before conjunctive adverbs (like however, therefore, moreover, etc.) that connect independent clauses.
* Example: "The train was delayed; however, we still managed to arrive on time."
Important Notes:
* Don't overuse it: A semicolon should be used sparingly. Overusing it can make your writing choppy and less readable.
* No comma before it: There's never a comma before a semicolon.
If you're still unsure when to use a semicolon, it's always best to consult a style guide or grammar book.