1. To join two independent clauses that are closely related in meaning.
* Example: The storm raged outside; the house creaked and groaned.
2. To separate items in a list when those items already contain commas.
* Example: We visited Paris, France; Rome, Italy; and London, England.
3. To separate independent clauses that are joined by a conjunctive adverb (e.g., however, therefore, moreover, etc.).
* Example: The weather was terrible; however, we still managed to have fun.
4. To separate independent clauses when the second clause is a continuation of the first, and there is no coordinating conjunction.
* Example: The sun was shining; it was a beautiful day.
5. To separate a series of phrases or clauses that are complex or long.
* Example: The new policy has created a lot of confusion; it is complex, confusing, and difficult to implement.
6. To separate a series of sentences that are closely related in meaning, but could stand alone.
* Example: The sun was setting; the birds were singing; it was a beautiful evening.
Remember:
* Semicolons are not used to separate dependent clauses or phrases.
* Semicolons should be used sparingly. Too many semicolons can make your writing sound choppy.
Here are some additional points to keep in mind:
* Make sure the clauses on either side of a semicolon are grammatically complete sentences.
* The clauses should be closely related in meaning.
* Use a semicolon to add a pause that is stronger than a comma but not as strong as a period.