1. Demonstrative Pronoun: Used to point out a specific person, place, or thing.
* That is my favorite book.
* That restaurant is always crowded.
* I saw that movie last night.
2. Relative Pronoun: Introduces a clause that modifies a noun.
* The book that I borrowed is due tomorrow.
* The woman that you saw is my sister.
* The car that is parked outside is mine.
3. Conjunction: Joins two clauses together.
* I know that you are busy.
* She said that she would be late.
* He was so tired that he fell asleep at the wheel.
4. Adverb: Emphasizes a word or phrase.
* I told you that!
* I am so that tired.
* He was that upset, he walked out of the room.
5. Used in comparisons:
* This house is bigger than that one.
* She is taller than that girl.
Here are some more complex examples:
* That which doesn't kill you makes you stronger. (Demonstrative pronoun, relative pronoun)
* The reason that he left was because he was unhappy. (Conjunction)
* I went to the store that is on the corner. (Relative pronoun)
* That is so funny, I can't stop laughing! (Adverb)
* That car over there is a classic! (Demonstrative pronoun)
Remember: "That" is a versatile word with many functions. The specific meaning depends on the context of the sentence.