1. Clear and Concise
* Active Voice: Use active voice whenever possible ("The dog chased the ball" instead of "The ball was chased by the dog"). Active voice is more direct and engaging.
* Avoid Clichés: Clichés are overused phrases that lack originality ("as white as snow," "busy as a bee").
* Cut Unnecessary Words: Every word should serve a purpose. Remove filler words like "very," "really," "just," and "that."
* Strong Verbs: Choose verbs that are specific and powerful. Instead of "walk," consider "stroll," "march," "saunter," or "hurry."
2. Precise and Specific
* Concrete Details: Replace vague words with specific details. Instead of "beautiful," describe the color, texture, or shape. Instead of "happy," describe the person's smile or laughter.
* Sensory Details: Engage your reader's senses: sight, sound, smell, taste, touch.
* Strong Adjectives and Adverbs: Use carefully chosen adjectives and adverbs to create impact. Don't overuse them, though.
3. Structure and Flow
* Vary Sentence Length: Mix short, punchy sentences with longer, more complex sentences to create rhythm and interest.
* Parallelism: Use parallel structure to create balance and emphasis. For example: "She loved to read, write, and travel."
* Sentence Variety: Avoid starting too many sentences with the same words or phrases.
* Transitions: Use transition words (however, therefore, although, etc.) to connect sentences and create smooth flow.
4. Purpose and Impact
* Know Your Audience: Tailor your sentence structure and word choice to your intended audience.
* Create a Clear Focus: Each sentence should contribute to a specific point or idea.
* Emphasize Key Information: Use sentence structure and punctuation to highlight the most important parts.
Example:
Weak: The weather was bad, and it rained a lot.
Strong: Torrential rain lashed the city, turning the streets into churning rivers.
Tips:
* Read Your Sentences Aloud: This helps you identify awkward phrasing and rhythm problems.
* Revise and Edit: Don't be afraid to rewrite sentences to make them stronger and more effective.
* Study Strong Writers: Analyze the sentences of writers you admire. Notice how they use language to create impact.
By following these guidelines, you can craft sentences that are powerful, engaging, and memorable.