Here's a breakdown:
* Subject: The person or thing performing the action. This uses the nominative case (e.g., "I," "he," "she," "they").
* Object: The person or thing receiving the action. This uses the objective case (e.g., "me," "him," "her," "them").
Examples:
* Subject: He threw the ball. (He is performing the action of throwing)
* Object: The dog chased him. (Him is receiving the action of chasing)
Important note: The objective case is used for both direct and indirect objects.
* Direct Object: Directly receives the action of the verb (e.g., "She ate the apple.")
* Indirect Object: Receives the action indirectly (e.g., "He gave her a present.")