Neologisms: This is the most common term for a newly coined word or phrase. It refers to words that are newly invented or have recently entered the language.
Coinages: This term emphasizes the act of creating a new word. It can be used for any new word, regardless of whether it becomes widely accepted.
Novel words: This is a broad term that simply means "new words." It doesn't specify how the word was created or its status in the language.
Neologisms in progress: This term describes words that are in the process of becoming established in the language. They might be used by a small group of people or in a specific context.
Emerging lexicon: This refers to a group of new words or phrases that are appearing in a language, often in response to new technologies or social trends.
Innovation: This is a broader term that encompasses any kind of new development in language, including new words, new meanings of existing words, and new grammatical structures.
Other terms: There are also more specialized terms, depending on the type of new word. For example, a portmanteau is a word created by blending two or more words (e.g., "brunch" from "breakfast" and "lunch"). A back-formation is a word created by removing a suffix from an existing word (e.g., "edit" from "editor").
Ultimately, the best term to use will depend on the specific situation and the level of detail you want to convey.