Here's a breakdown:
* Kernel sentences: These are the basic, simple sentences that form the foundation of a language. They typically have a subject-verb-object structure (e.g., "The cat chased the mouse").
* Transformations: These are rules that operate on kernel sentences to create more complex sentences. Examples of transformations include:
* Passive voice: Changing the subject and object of a sentence (e.g., "The mouse was chased by the cat").
* Wh-movement: Moving a question word to the beginning of a sentence (e.g., "What did the cat chase?").
* Coordination: Joining two sentences together (e.g., "The cat chased the mouse, and the dog barked").
* Embedding: Placing one sentence within another (e.g., "The cat that chased the mouse is black").
Noam Chomsky is credited with developing Transformational Grammar, which revolutionized our understanding of language structure.
Let me know if you'd like a more in-depth explanation of any of these concepts.