It often indicates a method or technique for recording or representing something, especially visually.
Here are some examples:
* Photography: The art or process of capturing images with a camera.
* Typography: The art or process of designing and arranging type.
* Biograph: A biographical account of someone's life.
* Radiography: The process of using X-rays to create images of the inside of the body.
* Cryptography: The practice and study of techniques for secure communication.
* Cartography: The science or art of mapmaking.
* Discography: A list of recordings by a musician or band.
Keep in mind that "-graphy" can sometimes have slightly different meanings depending on the word it's attached to, but its core meaning remains related to recording or representation.