Verbs
* Action: Verbs describe actions (e.g., run, jump, sing).
* State of being: Verbs can also express a state of being (e.g., be, seem, appear).
* Transitive/Intransitive:
* Transitive verbs take a direct object (e.g., "He threw the ball." - "ball" is the direct object).
* Intransitive verbs don't take a direct object (e.g., "She slept.").
* Tense: Verbs indicate time (e.g., present, past, future).
* Voice: Verbs can be active (e.g., "The dog chased the cat") or passive (e.g., "The cat was chased by the dog").
* Mood: Verbs reflect the speaker's attitude (e.g., indicative, imperative, subjunctive).
Adjective Phrases
* Modifiers: Adjective phrases modify (describe) nouns or pronouns.
* Structure: They consist of an adjective as the headword, often accompanied by modifiers like adverbs or other adjectives.
* Example: "The very tall building" (Here, "very tall" is the adjective phrase modifying "building").
Adjective Clauses
* Modifiers: Like phrases, they also modify nouns or pronouns.
* Structure: They have a subject and a verb and begin with relative pronouns (who, whom, whose, which, that).
* Example: "The book that I bought yesterday is on the table." (Here, "that I bought yesterday" is the adjective clause modifying "book").
To summarize:
* Verbs: Action words, convey state of being, tense, voice, etc.
* Adjective Phrases: Groups of words describing nouns or pronouns.
* Adjective Clauses: Clauses that describe nouns or pronouns, containing a subject and a verb.