Here's a breakdown:
* Water vapor: Water in its gaseous state, invisible to the naked eye.
* Saturation: The point where the air can no longer hold any more water vapor.
* Cooling: As the air cools, the water vapor molecules lose energy and slow down.
* Liquid water: The slower moving molecules come closer together and form liquid water droplets.
Examples of Condensation:
* Dew: Condensation on cool surfaces, like grass, early in the morning.
* Fog: Condensation near the ground, forming a cloud-like layer.
* Clouds: Condensation at higher altitudes, forming visible clouds.
* Rain: When condensation in clouds becomes heavy enough, water droplets fall as rain.
* Steam: Condensation of water vapor when it comes in contact with a cool surface.
Key Factors Affecting Condensation:
* Temperature: Cooler temperatures favor condensation.
* Humidity: Higher humidity means more water vapor in the air, increasing the chance of condensation.
* Surface Temperature: Cool surfaces encourage condensation.
In summary: Condensation is a crucial process in the water cycle, responsible for the formation of clouds, rain, and other forms of precipitation. It's a fundamental phenomenon that affects weather patterns, climate, and life on Earth.