* Foreman: This is the most common translation, especially when referring to a supervisor or leader of a group of workers.
* Headman: This translation can be used in a similar context to "foreman", but it can also refer to a leader of a village or community.
* Leader: This is a more general translation that can be used in various contexts, including political or social leadership.
To get the most accurate translation, it's helpful to know the context in which the word "mukadam" is being used.
For example, "The mukadam instructed the workers to start digging the foundation." In this sentence, "mukadam" is clearly being used to refer to a foreman.