Here's why:
* Adjectives describe nouns: They tell us more about a person, place, or thing. For example: "red car," "happy child," "tall building."
* "Not" modifies verbs, adjectives, or other adverbs: It negates the meaning of the word it's attached to. For example: "He is not happy," "The car is not red," "She did not run fast."
Let me know if you have any more questions about parts of speech!