Illegal: This is the most common and straightforward term. It means "against the law" and is generally used for actions that are specifically prohibited by statute or regulation.
* Example: Driving without a license is illegal.
Illegitimate: This refers to something that is not valid or recognized as lawful, often because it was obtained or created through improper means. It implies a lack of legitimacy or authenticity.
* Example: A child born out of wedlock was considered illegitimate in some societies.
* Example: A forged document is an illegitimate document.
Unlawful: This is a broader term than illegal, and can refer to actions that are not specifically prohibited by law but are still considered wrong or against the spirit of the law.
* Example: While not strictly illegal, trespassing on private property is unlawful.
Lawless: This term describes a state of being without law or order, or a person who disregards the law. It emphasizes a complete lack of adherence to any legal system.
* Example: The wild west was often considered a lawless frontier.
* Example: A lawless criminal repeatedly breaks the law.
Illicit: This word often refers to something that is prohibited or forbidden, especially for moral or ethical reasons. It can be used for actions that are illegal but also for actions that are considered wrong even if not explicitly against the law.
* Example: Drug trafficking is an illicit activity.
* Example: A secret affair could be considered illicit.
In summary:
* Illegal: Against the law, specifically prohibited by statute.
* Illegitimate: Not valid or recognized as lawful due to improper origin or creation.
* Unlawful: Not specifically illegal but against the spirit or intent of the law.
* Lawless: Disregarding all laws and order, a state of no law.
* Illicit: Prohibited, forbidden, often due to moral or ethical reasons.
While they all describe things that are not permitted, their specific connotations vary, depending on the context and the particular emphasis desired.