General:
* "Qu'est-ce que" (pronounced "keh skuh") - This is the most common and versatile way to say "what" in French. It can be used for a wide range of situations.
* "Quels sont" (pronounced "kel son") - This is a more formal way to say "what are" and is used when talking about things in the plural.
Specific contexts:
* "Qu'est-ce qu'il y a" (pronounced "keh sk-ee ya") - This translates to "what is there" and is used to ask what is present or available.
* "Qu'est-ce qui" (pronounced "keh ski") - This is used when asking about the subject of an action or something that is happening.
Examples:
* Qu'est-ce que c'est? (What is that?)
* Quels sont vos projets? (What are your plans?)
* Qu'est-ce qu'il y a dans le réfrigérateur? (What is in the refrigerator?)
* Qu'est-ce qui se passe? (What is happening?)
Remember, the best translation will depend on the specific context of the situation.