Formal:
* Une robe bleue (This is the most common and formal way)
Informal:
* Une robe bleu (This is more common in spoken French)
* Une robe bleue (This is also acceptable in spoken French)
Other options:
* Une robe de couleur bleue (This emphasizes the color)
The best option depends on the context and who you are talking to. For example, "une robe bleue" would be a good choice for a formal letter, while "une robe bleu" might be better for a conversation with friends.