General:
* Subterranean
* Subsurface
* Below ground
* Below the surface
* Buried
* Hidden
* Secret
More specific:
* For locations: Basement, cellar, tunnel, cavern, mine
* For activities: Clandestine, covert, secret, illicit, hidden, concealed
Figurative:
* For ideas or movements: Subversive, dissident, rebellious, countercultural, fringe
The best synonym will depend on the specific meaning you are trying to convey.