General terms:
* H2O (chemical formula)
* Liquid (if referring to its state)
* Fluid (if referring to its ability to flow)
* The lifeblood (figuratively, referring to its importance for living things)
Specific contexts:
* Seawater (if referring to the water in the oceans)
* Freshwater (if referring to water in rivers, lakes, and groundwater)
* Rainwater (if referring to water that falls from the sky)
* Drinking water (if referring to water suitable for consumption)
* Irrigation water (if referring to water used for agriculture)
The best synonym for "water" will depend on the specific situation and what you want to emphasize.