1. Prefixes: These are affixes that are added before the base word. Examples include "un-", "re-", "pre-", "dis-", and "mis-".
* unhappy (un- + happy)
* redo (re- + do)
* pregame (pre- + game)
* disagree (dis- + agree)
* misunderstand (mis- + understand)
2. Suffixes: These are affixes that are added after the base word. Examples include "-ing", "-ed", "-er", "-ly", and "-ness".
* running (run + -ing)
* cooked (cook + -ed)
* teacher (teach + -er)
* quickly (quick + -ly)
* kindness (kind + -ness)
It's important to note that there are also infixes, which are added within a word, but these are less common in English.