* -ing: Present participle (e.g., "walk" becomes "walking")
* -ed: Past tense and past participle (e.g., "walk" becomes "walked")
* -er: Comparative adjective or noun (e.g., "tall" becomes "taller", "teach" becomes "teacher")
* -est: Superlative adjective (e.g., "tall" becomes "tallest")
* -ful: Full of (e.g., "care" becomes "careful")
* -less: Without (e.g., "care" becomes "careless")
* -ism: Doctrine, system (e.g., "social" becomes "socialism")
* -ity: State or quality (e.g., "real" becomes "reality")
This is not an exhaustive list, but it gives you a good starting point for understanding 3-letter suffixes.