* am
* is
* are
* was
* were
* been
* being
These words connect the subject of a sentence to a predicate nominative or predicate adjective, which describes or identifies the subject.
Examples:
* I am tired. (am links the subject "I" to the predicate adjective "tired")
* She is a doctor. (is links the subject "She" to the predicate nominative "doctor")
* They were happy. (were links the subject "They" to the predicate adjective "happy")
It's important to note that "to be" can also be used as part of a verb phrase, such as "going to be" or "should have been." In these cases, the verb phrase acts as a single unit.