Contractions:
* Formal writing aims for a more formal and objective tone. Contractions, such as "don't" or "can't," are considered informal and can make your writing seem less professional.
* Contractions can be ambiguous in some cases. For example, "it's" could be interpreted as "it is" or "it has."
First Person:
* Formal writing emphasizes objectivity. Using "I" or "we" can make your writing seem subjective and personal, which is not typically desired in formal contexts.
* Formal writing often focuses on presenting information or arguments in a neutral and unbiased manner. Using first person can draw attention to the author's opinions or experiences, which can detract from the overall message.
Exceptions:
There are some exceptions to these general rules:
* Personal essays and memoirs: These genres often use first person and contractions as they aim to express personal experiences and opinions.
* Informal writing: In informal settings like emails to friends or personal blogs, contractions and first person are perfectly acceptable.
* Specific instructions: Some academic disciplines or specific types of writing may allow or even encourage the use of first person.
Best Practice:
* When in doubt, err on the side of formality. Use full forms of words and avoid contractions unless instructed otherwise.
* Focus on presenting information clearly and objectively. Avoid using first person unless it is absolutely necessary.
Ultimately, the best way to determine the appropriate level of formality is to consider the audience, purpose, and context of your writing.