Parts of speech are categories of words based on their grammatical function. Examples include nouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs, etc.
The predicate is a part of the sentence that tells us what the subject does or is. It includes the verb and any objects, complements, or modifiers that follow the verb.
Here's an example:
* Sentence: The cat sat on the mat.
* Subject: The cat
* Predicate: sat on the mat
The predicate "sat on the mat" tells us what the cat did.
In summary: The predicate is a grammatical structure within a sentence, not a part of speech like a noun or a verb.