* Dys-: This prefix, of Greek origin, means "bad," "difficult," or "abnormal." It is often used in medical terms, like dyslexia (difficulty reading) or dyspepsia (difficulty digesting).
* Mal-: This prefix, of Latin origin, means "bad," "evil," or "wrong." It is often used to describe something that is harmful or incorrect, like malpractice (professional negligence) or malfunction (failure to work properly).
* Noci-: This prefix, of Latin origin, means "harmful" or "painful." It is often used in medical terms, like nociceptive (related to pain perception) or noxious (harmful).
* Pain-: This prefix, of English origin, means "painful." It is used in words like painful and pain-free.
It's worth noting that some prefixes might have more specific meanings, or might be used in different contexts. For example, "dys-" can also mean "poor" or "ill," while "mal-" can also mean "ill" or "badly."
If you need a prefix for a specific word, it's best to consult a dictionary or etymology resource to find the most appropriate option.