General Understanding:
* Understand: This is the most common synonym.
* Grasp: Implies a firm understanding, like "grasping a concept."
* Perceive: Focuses on the act of becoming aware of something.
* Apprehend: Similar to "comprehend," but may also imply an emotional response.
Specific Types of Understanding:
* Discern: To recognize or perceive something clearly.
* Assimilate: To absorb and understand information completely.
* Conceive: To form an idea or understanding in your mind.
* Interpret: To explain the meaning of something.
* Deduce: To reach a conclusion by reasoning.
Formal Words:
* Cogitate: To think deeply about something.
* Envisage: To imagine something clearly.
* Comprehend: This word itself is quite formal.
The best word to use will depend on the specific context and the level of formality you require.