If "thatch" refers to the material:
* Tile: For roofing, a tile roof would be the opposite of a thatched roof.
* Shingle: Another common roofing material.
* Slate: A more durable and less common roofing material.
* Metal: A very different material for roofing.
If "thatch" refers to the act of covering with thatch:
* Tile: To tile a roof instead of thatching it.
* Shingle: To shingle a roof instead of thatching it.
* Slate: To slate a roof instead of thatching it.
* Metal: To metal a roof instead of thatching it.
If "thatch" refers to the way something is covered:
* Smooth: A smooth surface is the opposite of a thatched surface.
* Bare: A bare surface is the opposite of a thatched surface.
* Modern: A modern building material would be the opposite of thatch.
The best antonym depends on what you're trying to communicate.