General Understanding:
* Comprehend: To grasp the meaning of something fully.
* Grasp: To get a clear understanding of something.
* Perceive: To become aware of something through the senses or mind.
* Know: To have knowledge or information about something.
* Realize: To become aware of something, often after a period of not knowing.
Empathetic Understanding:
* Appreciate: To value and understand the significance of something.
* Empathize: To understand and share the feelings of another person.
* Relate to: To connect with someone or something on an emotional level.
* See someone's point of view: To try to understand someone else's perspective.
Specific Understanding:
* Interpret: To explain the meaning of something.
* Decode: To translate something from a coded form into a comprehensible form.
* Analyze: To examine something in detail to understand its nature.
The best word to use will depend on the specific context and the nuance you want to convey.