Direct Characterization is when the author explicitly tells the reader about a character's traits, personality, or motivations. This is done directly through:
* Narrative voice: "He was a kind and gentle man."
* Dialogue: "I'm not afraid," she said, her voice steady.
* Other characters' opinions: "He's the bravest man I know," said his friend.
In contrast, indirect characterization shows the character's traits through their actions, thoughts, words, and interactions with others.
Let me know if you'd like examples of either direct or indirect characterization!