Here's a breakdown:
* You start with clues: These clues can be facts, observations, or pieces of information presented in a text, image, or situation.
* You use your background knowledge: This includes everything you've learned and experienced throughout your life.
* You make a logical connection: You connect the clues with your background knowledge to form a conclusion that goes beyond what's directly stated.
Examples:
* Text: "The man walked into the room, his face pale and his hands trembling."
* Inference: The man is probably afraid or nervous about something.
* Text: "The girl looked out the window and sighed. The rain was pouring down."
* Inference: The girl is probably feeling sad or disappointed because the rain is ruining her plans.
Why is making inferences important?
* Understanding complex information: We often need to make inferences to fully understand what we read, hear, or see.
* Improving communication: By understanding others' unspoken thoughts and feelings, we can communicate more effectively.
* Solving problems: We use inferences to make predictions, draw conclusions, and find solutions to problems.
* Critical thinking: Making inferences requires us to analyze information, evaluate evidence, and form logical conclusions.
In summary: Making inferences is a crucial cognitive skill that allows us to go beyond the surface level and understand the deeper meaning of information. It's an essential part of learning, communication, and problem-solving.