* Surprise: "Why, hello there! I didn't expect to see you here."
* Disbelief: "Why, that's simply unbelievable! I can't believe you did that."
* Anger or frustration: "Why, you little..." (This one is often followed by an insult)
* Sarcasm: "Why, thank you for the lovely compliment." (Said with a mocking tone)
This use of "why" is generally considered informal and often used in dialogue to emphasize emotion.
Here are a few examples in context:
* "Why, I've never seen such a beautiful sunset!" (Expressing surprise and admiration)
* "Why, that's the third time you've broken that vase!" (Expressing frustration)
* "Why, thank you for your assistance. I couldn't have done it without you." (Expressing sarcastic gratitude)
It's important to note that this usage of "why" is distinct from its use as an interrogative word (asking a question) or as a conjunction (linking clauses).