Which of these words literally means under theory?

You're asking for a word that literally means "under theory". This is a bit tricky, because "under" in this context isn't a straightforward spatial preposition.

Here's why it's tricky and some potential interpretations:

* "Under" as a metaphorical position: In academic contexts, "under" can mean "within the scope of", "supported by", or "based on". So, "under theory" could mean something like "within the framework of a particular theory", "in accordance with a theory", or "derived from a theory".

* "Under" as a hierarchy: You might be looking for a word suggesting something is less developed than a theory, like "hypothesis" or "conjecture".

To answer your question more directly, there isn't a single word in English that directly translates to "under theory" in a literal sense. However, if you can explain what you mean by "under theory" in more detail, we can find a more suitable word or phrase.