General Equivalence:
* Equivalence: This is the most direct noun equivalent to "equal". It refers to the state of being equal in value, meaning, or significance.
* Parity: This noun implies equality in status, rank, or power.
* Balance: This implies a state of equilibrium or evenness.
Specific Contexts:
* Equality: This noun specifically refers to the state of being equal in rights, opportunities, and treatment.
* Sameness: This implies a complete identity or similarity.
* Proportion: This refers to the equality of ratios or quantities.
Ultimately, the best noun to use depends on the specific context and the nuance you want to convey.