1. Preposition: This is the word that introduces the phrase and shows the relationship between the noun or pronoun that follows it and another word in the sentence. Common prepositions include: on, in, at, to, from, with, by, for, about, of, etc.
2. Object of the preposition: This is the noun or pronoun that the preposition governs. It tells us "what" or "who" is being related to the other word in the sentence.
Example:
* "The cat sat on the mat."
* Preposition: "on"
* Object of the preposition: "the mat"
The preposition "on" shows the relationship between the cat and the mat, indicating the cat's location. The object of the preposition, "the mat," is the thing that the cat is on.
Here are some other examples:
* "I went to the store." (Preposition: "to", Object: "the store")
* "She walked by the river." (Preposition: "by", Object: "the river")
* "He wrote with a pen." (Preposition: "with", Object: "a pen")
* "The book is about history." (Preposition: "about", Object: "history")
Prepositional phrases can act as adjectives, adverbs, or nouns in a sentence, depending on their function.