Paraphrasing:
* Change the wording: Use different words and sentence structure while maintaining the original meaning.
* Keep the same meaning: The paraphrased text should convey the same information as the original text.
* Credit the original source: Use quotation marks for direct quotes and cite the source.
* Avoid plagiarism: Don't simply copy and paste text without changing it.
Summarizing:
* Focus on the main points: Identify the key ideas and condense them into a shorter version.
* Use your own words: Re-express the main points in a concise and clear manner.
* Be objective: Present the information fairly and accurately, without adding your own opinions or interpretations.
* Include all essential details: Make sure the summary captures the most important information from the original text.
In general, both paraphrasing and summarizing should:
* Be accurate: Reflect the original text's meaning faithfully.
* Be concise: Use fewer words than the original text.
* Be clear and easy to understand: Use simple language and avoid jargon.
* Be appropriate for the audience and context: Tailor the tone and level of detail to the intended readers.
By following these guidelines, you can effectively paraphrase and summarize information while maintaining academic integrity and ensuring clear communication.