Here are some examples of single prepositions:
* on the table
* in the box
* at the store
* for you
* with friends
* to school
Compare this to a prepositional phrase:
A prepositional phrase includes the preposition and its object (the noun or pronoun that the preposition relates to).
* on the table (preposition: on, object: table)
* in the box (preposition: in, object: box)
* at the store (preposition: at, object: store)
So, "on" is a single preposition, while "on the table" is a prepositional phrase.