Here's a breakdown of its key features:
* Small-scale: Conucos are typically small plots of land, often less than an acre, cultivated by individual families or small communities.
* Shifting cultivation: This means the land is used for a short period, then left fallow to regenerate for several years before being cultivated again. This practice helps to maintain soil fertility and prevent erosion.
* Traditional methods: Conucos utilize traditional techniques, often relying on hand tools and minimal external inputs like fertilizers and pesticides.
* Diversity of crops: A wide range of crops are grown in conucos, including staple foods like corn, beans, and cassava, as well as fruits, vegetables, and medicinal plants.
* Sustainable practices: While the clearing of land for conucos can contribute to deforestation, traditional practices often incorporate techniques to promote biodiversity and minimize environmental impact.
The term "conuco" emphasizes the close connection between the farmer and the land, and the importance of traditional knowledge and practices in ensuring sustainable food production.