Crito's Argument:
* Emphasis on personal consequences: Crito primarily focuses on the negative consequences of Socrates' death for himself (Crito) and Socrates' friends and family. He argues that it would be shameful for them to be seen as abandoning their friend.
* Utilitarianism: Crito's argument implicitly relies on a utilitarian framework, where the greatest good for the greatest number should be prioritized. He believes that Socrates' death would harm many people and benefit no one.
* Emphasis on social norms: Crito is concerned about the public perception of Socrates and his friends, believing that escaping would be seen as an act of defiance against the laws of Athens.
Socrates' Argument:
* Emphasis on moral principles: Socrates focuses on the moral principles of justice and upholding one's commitments. He believes that breaking the law, even if unjust, would undermine the moral order and harm society as a whole.
* Social contract theory: Socrates argues that he has implicitly agreed to abide by the laws of Athens by living in the city. By escaping, he would be breaking this agreement and undermining the foundation of justice.
* Justice over self-interest: Socrates prioritizes justice over his own well-being. He argues that it is more important to live a life of virtue and uphold the law, even if it means facing death.
Key Differences:
* Focus: Crito focuses on the personal consequences of Socrates' death, while Socrates focuses on the moral principles at stake.
* Ethical framework: Crito uses a utilitarian approach, while Socrates utilizes a deontological approach, prioritizing duty and moral principles.
* The role of the individual vs. society: Crito sees the individual as responsible for their actions, while Socrates believes individuals have a responsibility to society and its laws.
In essence, Crito's argument is based on practical considerations and personal consequences, while Socrates' argument is based on moral principles and the greater good.