* Barrier methods: These physically block sperm from reaching the egg, like condoms, diaphragms, and cervical caps.
* Hormonal methods: These alter hormone levels in the body to prevent ovulation, thicken cervical mucus, or prevent the implantation of a fertilized egg. Examples include birth control pills, patches, injections, implants, and IUDs.
* Natural family planning (NFP): This involves tracking the woman's menstrual cycle to identify fertile and infertile periods.
* Surgical methods: These involve permanent procedures like vasectomy (for men) or tubal ligation (for women).
Contraception is used for various reasons, including:
* Family planning: To control the number and timing of children.
* Preventing sexually transmitted infections (STIs): Some methods, like condoms, offer protection against STIs.
* Improving health: Contraception can help manage certain health conditions, such as endometriosis.
* Empowering individuals: It allows people to make informed choices about their reproductive health.
It's important to note that contraception is a personal decision, and the best method for someone depends on their individual circumstances, needs, and preferences. It's crucial to consult with a healthcare provider to discuss the different options and choose the most suitable method.