* gh can sound like f in "enough"
* o can sound like i in "women"
* ti can sound like sh in "nation"
Combining these doesn't actually result in a word that sounds like "fish". It's more of a playful demonstration of how the spelling-to-sound relationship in English can be unpredictable.
There aren't any other actual words in English that follow this exact pattern to make the "fish" sound. It's important to remember that language is constantly evolving, and new words can be invented or borrowed from other languages. However, for now, "ghoti" is more of a linguistic curiosity than a real example of English spelling.