Here's a breakdown:
* The International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) has 20 vowel symbols used to represent the sounds of English. However, these symbols can represent multiple different sounds depending on the context of the word and the speaker's accent.
* Linguists often talk about "vowel phonemes" which are the distinct sounds that are meaningful to a language. English has about 15 to 20 vowel phonemes, again depending on the dialect.
So, there's no single, definitive answer. It depends on whether you're looking at IPA symbols or vowel phonemes, and which dialect of English you're considering.