Here's a breakdown:
Combining vowels are often used to make a word easier to pronounce, especially when combining a base word with a prefix or suffix. They usually appear between a consonant at the end of the base word and the beginning of the prefix or suffix.
When a combining vowel is dropped:
* Word endings: When a suffix starting with a vowel is added to a word ending in a consonant, the combining vowel is often dropped.
* Example: "love" + "-ing" = "loving" (combining vowel "e" is dropped)
* Prefixes: When a prefix is added to a word starting with a vowel, the combining vowel is often dropped.
* Example: "un-" + "acceptable" = "unacceptable" (combining vowel "a" is dropped)
Why dropping a combining vowel might occur:
* Pronunciation: It makes the word easier to pronounce and avoids awkward vowel sounds.
* Spelling patterns: It follows established spelling patterns in English.
Important considerations:
* Exceptions: There are always exceptions to these general guidelines. For example, "in" is often used as a prefix even when the word starts with a vowel.
* Dictionary: Ultimately, the best way to know if a combining vowel should be dropped is to consult a dictionary.
Remember: Understanding these general principles can help you predict spelling patterns, but always double-check with a dictionary to be sure.