1. Subject-Verb (SV): The simplest pattern, e.g., "The dog barks."
2. Subject-Verb-Object (SVO): The most common pattern, e.g., "The dog chases the ball."
3. Subject-Verb-Adjective (SVA): Describes the subject, e.g., "The dog is happy."
4. Subject-Verb-Adverb (SVA): Describes how, where, or when the action happens, e.g., "The dog barks loudly."
5. Subject-Verb-Object-Adjective (SVOA): Describes the object, e.g., "The dog considers the bone tasty."
It's important to note that these are just basic patterns, and real sentences can be much more complex, often combining multiple patterns and adding other elements like prepositional phrases or clauses. These patterns are a helpful framework for understanding the structure of sentences in English.