Let's break it down:
"Short U" sounds like the "u" in words like:
* "cup"
* "sun"
* "duck"
"Long U" sounds like the "u" in words like:
* "cube"
* "flute"
* "music"
Important Note: The "long u" sound is actually represented by the letter "u" followed by a silent "e" at the end of the word (like in "cube"), or by a combination of letters like "ue" (like in "flute").
Let me know if you'd like more examples or have other vowel sound questions!