What are the cardinal vowels of Daniel Jones?

The cardinal vowels of Daniel Jones are a set of eight vowels that represent the extremes of vowel space. They are used as reference points for describing and transcribing the vowels of different languages.

Here are the cardinal vowels, along with their approximate IPA symbols:

Front vowels:

* i: High front unrounded vowel (i)

* e: Mid front unrounded vowel (e)

* ɛ: Low front unrounded vowel (ɛ)

* a: Low front unrounded vowel (a)

Back vowels:

* u: High back rounded vowel (u)

* o: Mid back rounded vowel (o)

* ɔ: Low back rounded vowel (ɔ)

* ɑ: Low back unrounded vowel (ɑ)

Important notes:

* Cardinal vowel #1: The highest and frontmost vowel, /i/.

* Cardinal vowel #8: The highest and backmost vowel, /u/.

* Cardinal vowel #4: The lowest and frontmost vowel, /a/.

* Cardinal vowel #7: The lowest and backmost vowel, /ɑ/.

* Cardinal vowels #2, #3, #5, and #6: These are the mid vowels that represent the "midway" points between the extremes.

Remember that the exact pronunciation of these vowels can vary slightly depending on the speaker and language. However, the cardinal vowel system provides a standardized framework for understanding and describing vowel quality.