Here are some examples:
Similar "hard G" sound (as in "gate"):
* GH: often makes a "hard G" sound as in "ghost," "girl," "laugh"
* K: makes a "hard G" sound in words like "kite," "king," "kick"
* C: often makes a "hard G" sound before "a," "o," "u" as in "cat," "coat," "cup"
Similar "soft G" sound (as in "gem"):
* J: Often sounds similar to a "soft G" as in "gem," "gentle," "jump"
It's important to remember that these are just general guidelines. The actual sound of a letter combination can vary depending on the specific word and its pronunciation.