Here's why:
* Melisma: This term in music describes a passage where a single syllable of text is sung to multiple notes.
* Gregorian chant: Known for its melodic beauty and adherence to the Latin text, Gregorian chant can be performed in various styles, ranging from syllabic (one note per syllable) to highly melismatic.
Therefore, using two or four notes per syllable in Gregorian chant falls into the category of melismatic singing. This approach allows for greater expression and embellishment of the chant's melodies.